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Hamilton’s Two Conceptions of Social Fitness Birch, Jonathan 2016 Philosophy of Science , Vol. 83 , Issue 5 , S. 848 ff. ( Zeitschrift ) Englisch 0031-8248 | 1539-767X Abstract
Hamilton introduced two conceptions of social fitness, which he called neighbor-modulated fitness and inclusive fitness. Although he regarded them as formally equivalent, a reanalysis of his own argument for their equivalence brings out two important assumptions on which it rests: weak additivity and actor’s control. When weak additivity breaks down, neither fitness concept is appropriate in its original form. When actor’s control breaks down, neighbor-modulated fitness may be appropriate, but inclusive fitness is not. Yet I argue that, despite its more limited domain of application, inclusive fitness provides a distinctively valuable perspective on social evolution.
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